| The quintessential ENSO -- rainfall correlation is the connection between
India rainfall and ENSO. The heights of the bars on the plot below give
the relative strength of the rainfall in the India monsoon: up means greater
than normal, down is a drought. The colors of the bars give the strength
of ENSO for that year: red is a hot (El Niño) event, blue is a cold
(La Niña) event, and off-white indicates near-normal temperatures.
The plot indicate that most major droughts in India occur during El Niño
events; they rarely happen during La Niña events.
Rainfall Data: Indian Institute of Tropical Meteorology (IITM).
SST Data: Kaplan NINO3 index from Optimal Smoother analysis of MOHSST5 monthly sea surface temperature anomalies.
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