Data Library Africa CSMT Malaria Meningitis MEWS RED Malaria Seasonal Transmission Suitability EVI MARA Distribution Model Malaria Early Warning System MODIS NDVI Rainfall Differences Rainfall Percentages help@iri Printable Page

Economic development has played an enormous role in shaping the current global distribution of malaria. Where malaria is not adequately controlled, however, its distribution and seasonality are closely related to seasonal characteristics of the climate. [Full Discussion] The mapping products below therefore aim to illustrate models of climate suitability for seasonal endemic malaria, and recent climate conditions, such as rainfall anomalies, which may be associated with epidemic malaria in warm semi-arid regions of Africa. Additional models, such as that developed by the MARA Initiative, may be included in the future and we welcome the opportunity to work with others on the further development of these products.

Monitoring Tools for Epidemic Malaria Malaria Early Warning System MEWS is a rainfall-monitoring product based on dekadal rainfall estimates from the Climate Prediction Center. The interface allows users to view recent rainfall estimates with a seasonal and recent historical perspective. Time series analyses of rainfall data are generated based on user-selected parameters. Rainfall Estimate Differences The Rainfall Estimate Differences (RED) map illustrates the difference between the most recent dekadal rainfall estimates from the Climate Prediction Center and their short term (i.e., 8-year) average. These differences should not be confused with conventional rainfall anomalies, but may provide insight into changes in malaria risk in areas where precipitation anomalies are the principal cause of malaria epidemics by providing a recent historical reference. Rainfall Estimate Percentages The Rainfall Estimate Percentages (REP) map expresses the most recent dekadal rainfall estimates from the Climate Prediction Center as a percentage of the short term (i.e., 8-year) average. MODIS Image Download Tools Three regional tools facilitate access to MODIS images, which are provided by the United States Geological Survey. Images are available for West Africa, the Horn of Africa and Madagascar. NDVI Analysis Tool An interactive map of the Normalized Difference Vegetation Index for Madagascar. Time series analyses of NDVI are generated based on user-selected parameters. EVI Analysis Tool An interactive map of the Enhanced Vegetation Index for Madagascar. Time series analyses of EVI are generated based on user-selected parameters.

Informational Tools for Endemic Malaria* Seasonal Climatic Suitability for Malaria Transmission Empirically-derived thresholds of precipitation, temperature and relative humidity are used to assess the climatic suitability of malaria transmission. The interactive map initially displays the number of months during the year when climatological averages meet these requirements. Users may gain insight into how often these conditions have actually occurred during any particular month by clicking on the map at the location of interest. MARA Distribution Model of Climatic Suitability for Malaria Transmission The MARA distribution model is a static map illustrating climatic suitability for malaria transmission. Climatological averages of precipitation and temperature are utilized in a fuzzy logic model developed by scientists associated with the Mapping Malaria Risk in Africa (MARA) group (after Craig et al. 1999). More information about the MARA collaboration is available here. *Please note that these maps are intended for informational purposes only. They are based on a theoretical models of climate data and are not based on actual malaria data. Therefore, they may not accurately resemble actual malaria transmission status on a local scale.