Original documentation can be found in the SOUTH_ASIA_README.txt file at ftpprd.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/cpc/fews/S.Asia.
For more documentation, see RFE2.0 Documents: Southern Asia RFE Paper and the following web page at the Climate Prediction Center: http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/fews/SASIA/rfe.html
The following information is excerpted from the "SOUTH_ASIA_README.txt" file referred to above:
This is the readme file for archived southern Asia area NOAA/Climate Prediction Center RFE2.0 daily rainfall estimates. This file describes all archived rainfall estimates for the region, though the data located on the NOAA/CPC anonymous ftp server: ftp://ftpprd.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/cpc/fews/S.Asia/data/ and ftp://ftpprd.ncep.noaa.gov/pub/cpc/fews/S.Asia/figs/. CONTENTS: Southern Asia area daily rainfall estimates --graphics for May 01, 2001 - July 31, 2003: 'cpc_rfe_v2.0_sa_dly.YYYYMMDD.gif' --data for May 01, 2001 - July 31, 2003: 'cpc_rfe_v2.0_sa_dly.bin.YYYYMMDD.gz' where YYYY is year, MM is month, DD is day. --Spatial domain: 70.0-110.0E; 5.0-35.0N --Temporal domain: 00Z-00Z --Resolution: 0.1 x 0.1 degree --File structure: binary, 4-byte floating point, big_endian undefined = -999.0 file contains one record with (401 pixels in x direction) * (301 pixels in y direction) = 120701 points uncompressed file size = 120701 points * 4 bytes per point = 482804 bytes file starting pixel = (5.0N;70.0E) pixel #2 = (5.0N;60.1E) pixel #402 = (5.1N;60.0E) pixel #120701 = (35.0N;110.0E) --Monthly accumulations for 2003 are available as created with similar format to daily estimates These products were created by the NOAA/Climate Prediction Center's FEWS-NET group sponsored by USAID. For details regarding the algorithm, see http://www.cpc.ncep.noaa.gov/products/fews. For usage or other information, contact Tim.Love@noaa.gov or Pingping.Xie@noaa.gov. August 11, 2003 Modified October 20, 2003